HPR 350 HPR350 INTRODUCTION TO EPIDEMIOLOGY WEEK 4 QUIZ ANSWERS (2021) - ASHFORD
Ashford HPR 350 Introduction to Epidemiology Week 4 Quiz Answers (2021)
The term attributable risk is defined as the ratio of the incidence of a disease among exposed individuals to the incidence among non-exposed individuals.
The term attributable risk is also known as the rate difference or risk difference.
The death rate per 100,000 for lung cancer is 7 among non-smokers and 71 among smokers. The death rate per 100,000 for coronary thrombosis is 422 among non-smokers and 599 among smokers. The prevalence of smoking in the population is 55%. Among smokers, the etiologic fraction of disease due to smoking is _________________________
The relationship between factor and outcome may be indirect or direct regarding causal associations.
When assessing a positive relationship between alcohol consumption and oral cancer using a case-control study, increasing the sample size of the study will result in which of the following?
i. A lower p value
ii. A greater odds ratio
iii. A smaller 95% confidence interval iv. A higher disease prevalence
If it is accepted that an observed association is a causal one, an estimate of the impact that a successful preventive program might have been derived from a/an___________________________.
A measure of risk difference. In a cohort study, refers to the difference between the incidence rate of a disease in the exposed group and the incidence rate in the nonexposed group.
Measure that computes the difference in prevalence between an exposed and nonexposed population (see Risk difference).
SAMPLE 2 BY 2 TABLE Outcome Total
Factor + −
+ A B A+ B
− C D C+ D
Total A + C B + D A + B + C + D
Difference between the incidence rate of disease in the exposed group (Ie) and the incidence rate of disease in the nonexposed group (Ine): risk difference = Ie – Ine.
The models of multiple causality are_____________________.
The web of causation implicates broad classes of events and represents a complete portrayal of reality.
The environmental components of the wheel model are ___________________________.
A confidence interval is a statistical measure that most epidemiologists consider to be less meaningful than a point estimate.
Population samples are important in epidemiologic research; however these sampling procedures increase the likelihood of generalizability of results, and they guarantee the outcome.
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